{"id":1535,"date":"2023-05-29T11:23:00","date_gmt":"2023-05-29T03:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/?p=1535"},"modified":"2025-05-29T11:41:10","modified_gmt":"2025-05-29T03:41:10","slug":"keeping-in-the-lane-investigating-drivers-performance-handling-silent-vs-alerted-lateral-control-failures-in-monotonous-partially-automated-driving","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/index.php\/2023\/05\/29\/keeping-in-the-lane-investigating-drivers-performance-handling-silent-vs-alerted-lateral-control-failures-in-monotonous-partially-automated-driving\/","title":{"rendered":"Keeping in the lane! Investigating drivers\u2019 performance handling silent vs. alerted lateral control failures in monotonous partially automated driving"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"1535\" class=\"elementor elementor-1535\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7602d83a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7602d83a\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e7af24d elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-featured-image elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1e7af24d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-featured-image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.22.0 - 24-06-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"486\" src=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr1_lrg-1024x622.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1537\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr1_lrg-1024x622.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr1_lrg-300x182.jpg 300w, https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr1_lrg-768x467.jpg 768w, https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr1_lrg-1536x934.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr1_lrg-2048x1245.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c035e59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-theme-post-title elementor-page-title elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3c035e59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"theme-post-title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.22.0 - 24-06-2024 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Keeping in the lane! Investigating drivers\u2019 performance handling silent vs. alerted lateral control failures in monotonous partially automated driving<\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39b58b46 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"39b58b46\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.22.0 - 24-06-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>Yiwen Zhang, Xinyan Zhou, Wenjia Wang, Yuanda Hu, Xiaohua Sun<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d67ef08 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1d67ef08\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics (2023)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15d30bc4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"15d30bc4\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44d70fd4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"44d70fd4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u6458\u8981\/Abstract<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c52ff19 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6c52ff19\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f972242 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3f972242\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4309ec16 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4309ec16\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u8c03\u67e5\u4e86\u5728\u90e8\u5206\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u7684\u5355\u8c03\u514d\u63d0\u9a7e\u9a76\u540e\u53d1\u751f\u81ea\u52a8\u6a2a\u5411\u63a7\u5236\u7684\u9759\u97f3\u6216\u8b66\u62a5\u6545\u969c\u65f6\uff0c\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u5982\u4f55\u7ba1\u7406\u63a5\u7ba1\u300222 \u540d\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u00a0ADAS\u00a0\u7ecf\u9a8c\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u53c2\u4e0e\u4e86\u9a7e\u9a76\u6a21\u62df\u5668\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6545\u969c\u88ab\u6ce8\u5165\u5230\u5f2f\u66f2\u8def\u6bb5\u7684\u9a7e\u9a76\u573a\u666f\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f34\u968f\u7740\u89c6\u89c9\u542c\u89c9\u8b66\u62a5\u6216 HMI \u6ca1\u6709\u53d8\u5316\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5f53\u81ea\u52a8\u8f6c\u5411\u88ab\u9759\u9ed8\u7981\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u5f88\u5c11\u80fd\u4fdd\u6301\u8f66\u9053\u4fdd\u6301\uff0c\u4f46\u5927\u591a\u6570\u9a7e\u9a76\u5458\u5728\u81ea\u4e3b\u8f66\u9053\u5185\u5b89\u5168\u5730\u7ba1\u7406\u8b66\u62a5\u6545\u969c\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u65e0\u58f0\u5931\u6548\u5bfc\u81f4\u63a5\u7ba1\u65f6\u95f4\u660e\u663e\u66f4\u957f\uff0c\u6a2a\u5411\u63a7\u5236\u8d28\u91cf\u901a\u5e38\u66f4\u5dee\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e4b\u4e0b\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u5236\u52a8\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u5728\u8b66\u62a5\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7eb5\u5411\u63a7\u5236\u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u4f73\u3002\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u5f15\u5165\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u4e13\u5bb6\u7684\u53ef\u63a7\u6027\u8bc4\u4f30\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5355\u8c03\u7684\u653e\u624b\u9a7e\u9a76\u65f6\u65e0\u58f0\u7684\u6a2a\u5411\u6545\u969c\u60c5\u51b5\u88ab\u8bc4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u53ef\u63a7\uff0c\u800c\u8b66\u89c9\u60c5\u51b5\u57fa\u672c\u53ef\u63a7\u3002\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9 TOR \u7684\u504f\u597d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd8\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u4f20\u8fbe TOR \u539f\u56e0\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3002<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5dc81fa4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5dc81fa4\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ace90c0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1ace90c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThis study investigated how drivers can manage the take-over when silent or alerted failure of automated lateral control occurs after monotonous hands-off driving with partial automation. Twenty-two drivers with varying levels of prior\u00a0ADAS\u00a0experience participated in the\u00a0driving simulator\u00a0experiment. The failures were injected into the driving scenario on curved road segments, accompanied by either a visual-auditory alert or no change in\u00a0HMI. Results indicated that drivers could rarely maintain lane-keeping when automated steering was disabled silently, but most drivers safely managed the alerted failure situation within the ego-lane. The silent failure yielded significantly longer take-over time and generally worse lateral\u00a0control quality. In contrast, poor\u00a0longitudinal control\u00a0performance was observed in alerted conditions due to more brake usage. An expert-based controllability assessment method was introduced to this study. The silent lateral failure situation during monotonous hands-off driving was rated as uncontrollable, while the alerted situation was basically controllable. Participants showed their preferences for the TORs, and the importance of conveying TOR reasons was also demonstrated.\u00a0\u00a0\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-183205e1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"183205e1\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b341771 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1b341771\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.22.0 - 24-06-2024 *\/\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));--align-self:var(--container-widget-align-self,initial);--flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container{height:100%;width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty{position:relative;min-height:22px;min-width:22px}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;margin:auto;padding:0;width:22px;height:22px}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c56d475 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1c56d475\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db99a8a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"db99a8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u76f8\u5173\u4fe1\u606f\/Info<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a984d48 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5a984d48\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-642d75f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"642d75f\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9238640 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9238640\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u4f5c\u8005\/Authors<br><\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6eb3fcd2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6eb3fcd2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u94fe\u63a5\/Link<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7eb35ea8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7eb35ea8\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43862896 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"43862896\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Yiwen Zhang, Xinyan Zhou, Wenjia Wang, Yuanda Hu, Xiaohua Sun<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10f2ec16 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"10f2ec16\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0169814123000215<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-201f972c e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"201f972c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-623dc749 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"623dc749\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39814bd e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"39814bd\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71efc340 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"71efc340\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-349504bc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"349504bc\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d3a9eb4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6d3a9eb4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u56fe\u7247\/Figures<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-65a5f430 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"65a5f430\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e9e172f elementor-widget elementor-widget-gallery\" data-id=\"1e9e172f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;gallery_layout&quot;:&quot;masonry&quot;,&quot;columns&quot;:2,&quot;gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:20,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;lazyload&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;columns_tablet&quot;:2,&quot;columns_mobile&quot;:1,&quot;gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:10,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;link_to&quot;:&quot;file&quot;,&quot;overlay_background&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;content_hover_animation&quot;:&quot;fade-in&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor-pro - v3.22.0 - 24-06-2024 *\/\n.elementor-gallery__container{min-height:1px}.elementor-gallery-item{position:relative;overflow:hidden;display:block;text-decoration:none;border:solid var(--image-border-width) 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.elementor-item:after,.elementor-gallery__titles-container .e--pointer-double-line .elementor-item:before,.elementor-gallery__titles-container .e--pointer-overline .elementor-item:before,.elementor-gallery__titles-container .e--pointer-underline .elementor-item:after{height:var(--galleries-pointer-border-width)}.elementor-gallery-title{--space-between:10px;cursor:pointer;color:#6d7882;font-weight:500;position:relative;padding:7px 14px;transition:all .3s}.elementor-gallery-title--active{color:#495157}.elementor-gallery-title:not(:last-child){margin-inline-end:var(--space-between)}.elementor-gallery-item__title+.elementor-gallery-item__description{margin-top:var(--description-margin-top)}.e-gallery-item.elementor-gallery-item{transition-property:all}.e-gallery-item.elementor-animated-content .elementor-animated-item--enter-from-bottom,.e-gallery-item.elementor-animated-content .elementor-animated-item--enter-from-left,.e-gallery-item.elementor-animated-content .elementor-animated-item--enter-from-right,.e-gallery-item.elementor-animated-content .elementor-animated-item--enter-from-top,.e-gallery-item:focus .elementor-gallery__item-overlay-bg,.e-gallery-item:focus .elementor-gallery__item-overlay-content,.e-gallery-item:focus .elementor-gallery__item-overlay-content__description,.e-gallery-item:focus .elementor-gallery__item-overlay-content__title,.e-gallery-item:hover .elementor-gallery__item-overlay-bg,.e-gallery-item:hover .elementor-gallery__item-overlay-content,.e-gallery-item:hover .elementor-gallery__item-overlay-content__description,.e-gallery-item:hover .elementor-gallery__item-overlay-content__title{opacity:1}a.elementor-item.elementor-gallery-title{color:var(--galleries-title-color-normal)}a.elementor-item.elementor-gallery-title.elementor-item-active,a.elementor-item.elementor-gallery-title.highlighted,a.elementor-item.elementor-gallery-title:focus,a.elementor-item.elementor-gallery-title:hover{color:var(--galleries-title-color-hover)}a.elementor-item.elementor-gallery-title.elementor-item-active{color:var(--gallery-title-color-active)}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-gallery,.e-con>.elementor-widget-gallery{width:var(--container-widget-width);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery__container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr1_lrg.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr1_lrg.jpg\" data-width=\"2371\" data-height=\"1441\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr2_lrg.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr2_lrg.jpg\" data-width=\"2371\" data-height=\"1030\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr3_lrg-scaled.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr3_lrg-scaled.jpg\" data-width=\"2560\" data-height=\"1162\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr4_lrg.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr4_lrg.jpg\" data-width=\"2370\" data-height=\"461\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr5_lrg-scaled.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr5_lrg-scaled.jpg\" data-width=\"2560\" data-height=\"1646\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr6_lrg.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr6_lrg.jpg\" data-width=\"1721\" data-height=\"1098\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr7_lrg.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr7_lrg.jpg\" data-width=\"1721\" data-height=\"968\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr8_lrg.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr8_lrg.jpg\" data-width=\"1721\" data-height=\"830\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr9_lrg.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr9_lrg.jpg\" data-width=\"1721\" data-height=\"982\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr10_lrg.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr10_lrg.jpg\" data-width=\"1721\" data-height=\"830\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr11_lrg.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr11_lrg.jpg\" data-width=\"1721\" data-height=\"1486\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"e-gallery-item elementor-gallery-item elementor-animated-content\" href=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr12_lrg-scaled.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-gallery-image elementor-gallery-item__image\" data-thumbnail=\"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/1-s2.0-S0169814123000215-gr12_lrg-scaled.jpg\" data-width=\"2560\" data-height=\"1331\" aria-label=\"\" role=\"img\" ><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-gallery-item__overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This study investigated how drivers can manage the take-over when silent or alerted failure of automated lateral control occurs after monotonous hands-off driving with partial automation. Twenty-two drivers with varying levels of prior\u00a0ADAS\u00a0experience participated in the\u00a0driving simulator\u00a0experiment. The failures were injected into the driving scenario on curved road segments, accompanied by either a visual-auditory alert or no change in\u00a0HMI. Results indicated that drivers could rarely maintain lane-keeping when automated steering was disabled silently, but most drivers safely managed the alerted failure situation within the ego-lane. The silent failure yielded significantly longer take-over time and generally worse lateral\u00a0control quality. In contrast, poor\u00a0longitudinal control\u00a0performance was observed in alerted conditions due to more brake usage. An expert-based controllability assessment method was introduced to this study. The silent lateral failure situation during monotonous hands-off driving was rated as uncontrollable, while the alerted situation was basically controllable. Participants showed their preferences for the TORs, and the importance of conveying TOR reasons was also demonstrated.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1537,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1535","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1535","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1535"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1535\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1559,"href":"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1535\/revisions\/1559"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1537"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1535"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1535"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tongjicdi.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1535"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}